Civil Engineering
ZHANG Jianchao, LIU Shichuan, TIAN Xiushu
As the service time of high-speed railway gradually increases, some diseases in the concrete structure of ballastless track have been accumulated and appeared gradually. Therefore, how to effectively detect these diseases has become one of the important measures to ensure the safe and effective operation of high-speed trains. After systematically combing the disease types and causes of ballastless track concrete structure, this paper analyzes the application and applicability of the current typical non-destructive testing technology in ballastless track. Besides, some future new technologies of track disease detection are introduced. Through analysis, ultrasonic technology has higher accuracy in detecting shallow cracks or cavities without impurity. For deeper cracks, the impact echo method can be used. Infrared thermal imaging technology has significant effect in predicting the specific location and evolution trend of shallow surface cracks in track slab. Geological radar technology is widely used in detecting the concrete structure of the track or the void of the mortar layer with larger internal diseases. In terms of new technology for track structure disease detection, 3D laser technology can automatically obtain high-precision disease information of concrete structure of ballastless track. Image recognition technology such as fiber optic grating and machine vision can obtain data information of ballastless track injury and damage in time to minimize the loss. In addition, based on the difference of vibration response and stiffness characteristics under train load dynamics, the track structure diseases can be identified, monitored and evaluated at non-skylight times. At last, the coordination of multiple detection technologies or multi-source characteristics fusion can further improve the identification accuracy and detection efficiency of the concrete structure diseases of ballastless track.